Stoma Terminology You Need to Know

A stoma is a surgical procedure used to create a passage between the inside and outside of the body in order to remove or import material from the body. Here are some terms related to stomas:

1.Ostomy: refers to the artificial opening made by the surgeon on the abdominal wall in order to treat certain intestinal diseases (such as rectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, etc.), and pulls a section of the intestinal tube out of the opening, flips and sews it on The abdominal wall, thus forming an enterostomy. Its function is to replace the original perineum and anus to perform the defecation function. In fact, it is the diversion of the excrement outlet, which has little effect on the overall digestive function. It refers to the surgical operation of establishing a passage inside and outside the human body.

2. Artificial anus: Also known as a colostomy, it is a surgery that connects the colon to the abdominal wall for the passage of stool.

3. Artificial Bladder: Also known as a cystostomy, it is a surgery that connects the bladder to the abdominal wall to excrete urine.

4. Artificial airway: Also known as a tracheostomy, it is an operation that connects the trachea to the abdominal wall and is used for the treatment of breathing difficulties.

5. Barrier products: sprays, wipes, and products used to seal the skin and prevent it from damaging the peristomal skin due to moisture or incontinence.

6. Peristomal moisture-associated dermatitis: Inflammation around the stoma due to continuous contact with feces or urine. Peristomal moisture-related dermatitis can occur around any type of stoma. This includes tracheostomy, gastrostomy, urostomy, and colostomy.

7. Urethrostomy: Usually, there are two types of urethrostomy: temporary urethrostomy and permanent urethrostomy. When making a urethrostomy, attention should be paid to hemostasis during the operation to prevent scar tissue from causing stenosis of the stoma.

a: Temporary urethrostomy: Temporary urethrostomy is generally performed after the urethral obstruction that has been cured by the original disease is eliminated, and the previous stoma sutures are removed to allow the wound to heal naturally or to suture after creating a new wound.

b: Permanent urethrostomy: It is a relatively long-term urinary channel, which is then sutured. The appropriate urethral mucosa is slightly elevated to avoid excessive damage to the urethral mucosa. The length of the incision must be appropriate, deformed with the urethra, and must not be deflected.

9. Ostomy bag: It is a bag used to collect excrement or other body fluids. It can be fixed at the stoma site for the patient's convenience. It is divided into a one-piece ostomy bag and a two-piece ostomy bag.

10. Stoma care: Since the skin around the stoma is stimulated by feces and intestinal juice for a long time, it will cause erosion or ulceration of the surrounding skin. If measures are not taken in time to prevent and treat it, it will bring serious adverse consequences. Instruct the patient to wash the skin around the stoma with gauze or cotton balls and warm water, wipe it from the inside out, and then dry it thoroughly. Do not use alkaline soap or any disinfectant, which will dry the skin and easily damage it. Apply zinc oxide oil around the stoma for protection, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of skin diseases around the stoma.

11. Stoma complications: refer to adverse reactions or complications that occur during stoma surgery or stoma care, such as infection, bleeding, pain, etc.

12. Preparation before ostomy operation: refers to a series of examinations and preparations for patients before ostomy operation to ensure the safety and success of the operation.

13. Recovery after ostomy: refers to a series of recovery and rehabilitation work for patients after ostomy surgery, so as to promote the recovery of patients as soon as possible.

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Editor: kiki Jia

Date: September 6, 2023